Islamabad, Feb 4: World Cancer Day, observed globally on February 4th, aims to raise awareness about cancer prevention, early detection, and the importance of access to treatment.
Spearheaded by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC), the day serves as a reminder of how lifestyle choices, regular screenings, and advancements in medicine can reduce cancer’s impact.
While some cancers are more prevalent than others, the good news is that many can be prevented, or their risks significantly reduced through healthy habits.
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Keep reading for an overview of the ten most common cancers and practical tips to lower your risk.
1. Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women. To reduce your risk, focus on maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, limiting alcohol consumption, and undergoing regular mammograms for early detection.
2. Lung Cancer
The leading cause of lung cancer is smoking, but air pollution, secondhand smoke, and radon exposure also contribute. Quitting smoking and avoiding environmental pollutants are key measures to lower the risk.
3. Colorectal Cancer
A diet rich in fiber, reducing processed meats, and regular physical activity help in preventing colorectal cancer. Routine screenings such as colonoscopies are essential for detecting precancerous polyps early.
4. Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is more common in older men. A diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids, combined with regular checkups, can reduce the risk. Early detection through PSA tests is essential for effective treatment.
5. Stomach Cancer
Risk factors for stomach cancer include infection with H. pylori, high salt intake, and consuming smoked foods. A diet focused on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can lower the risk.
6. Liver Cancer
Hepatitis B and C infections, excessive alcohol use, and obesity are known risk factors for liver cancer. Vaccinating against hepatitis and limiting alcohol consumption are key preventive strategies.
7. Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is primarily caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Vaccination against HPV, regular Pap smears, and practicing safe sex can greatly reduce the risk of cervical cancer.
8. Oesophageal Cancer
Risk factors for oesophageal cancer include acid reflux (GERD), smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and managing acid reflux can help lower your risk.
9. Skin Cancer
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays is the primary cause of skin cancer, including melanoma. Protecting your skin with sunscreen, avoiding tanning beds, and performing regular skin checks can significantly reduce the risk.
10. Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer is linked to smoking, obesity, and chronic pancreatitis. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, and avoiding smoking and heavy alcohol use can help prevent pancreatic cancer.
Although genetics can play a role in the development of certain cancers, lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and staying on top of screenings and vaccinations can significantly lower your cancer risk. Stay informed and take action on World Cancer Day to reduce the burden of cancer in our communities.